The Domain Name System (DNS) translates domain names, like google.com, into IP addresses.
Every computer requires a DNS server, either by internet service provider, the router, or a DNS server, like Google or OpenDNS.
DNS is hierarchical relying on different server for the domains by the Top Level Domain. In an iterative lookup the DNS server sends the answer or a server that might know and requires the host to continue asking the question.
Record Types
- A: Address Mapping key record for IPv4
- AAAA: Address mapping for IPv6
- CNAME: Canonical Name for creating alias of domain name
- MX: Mail exchange specifies mail server
- NS: Name server for hierarchical DNS
- PTR: Pointer record for reverse DNS
- TXT: Text record for storing textual data about domain name, used for SPF and DKIM.